Civil Power Quotes
President James Madison expressed a similar sentiment in his first inaugural address.
At the beginning of our nation, before there was a Constitution, the state of Virginia prohibited clergy from serving in the state legislature.
The first clause is exactly that used by the state of Pennsylvania in its constitution. These had no reference to the militia as did the Virginia Bill of Rights and later the Federal Constitution.
The Founding Fathers represented a wide range of religious beliefs from orthodox Christians to Agnostics and Atheists. Most considered themselves Christian, but having studied the terrible results of European religious dissention in Government were careful to keep government and religion separate. In New York City, for example, when George Washington was first inaugurated as President, there was no religious ceremony in the government buildings. However, the President and all the Congress then went to Trinity Church close by and had a religious service. The earliest example of separation of church and state was a separation of official religion—not an elimination of religion.
In 1776 General Charles Lee imposed a loyalty test on inhabitants of New York in the name of the new government. Four distinguished public men wrote this letter.
Of all the Western Colonial Powers, Spain was the worst. They took the most from their possessions and contributed the least. Worst, they killed off almost all the indigenous people.
Civilian control of the Military did not just pop in to the Constitution 11 years later. This and many other fundamental ideas had come from the State Constitutions and other documents.
Many of the fundamental principles of government that were in the United States Constitution, were already in the Constitutions of different states. Vermont had a substantial number of them. When we speak of the Constitution as a “revolutionary document” it was to the rest of the world but not to many Americans who had these concepts in their state constitutions and had been living with them for some time.