Civil Authority Quotes
The first clause is exactly that used by the state of Pennsylvania in its constitution. These had no reference to the militia as did the Virginia Bill of Rights and later the Federal Constitution.
The irony is that it is just for the lack of this fundamental principle that Napoleon eventually became the Government and the Military in France.
There was an armed attempt of one party to take over the government of Rhode Island. The Government used the state military to put down the rebellion leading to this Supreme Court Case on the legitimacy of using the military. See {616594}.
Of all the Western Colonial Powers, Spain was the worst. They took the most from their possessions and contributed the least. Worst, they killed off almost all the indigenous people.
This is one of the characteristics of a theocracy—that all law comes from the Deity and religious law is civil law and vica versa. This is similar to the modern views held by the extreme conservative Muslims regarding their Islamic law, Sharia.
In 1776 General Charles Lee imposed a loyalty test on inhabitants of New York in the name of the new government. Four distinguished public men wrote this letter.
New York State was so concerned about the separation of church and state that they would not allow any religious cleric or official, to serve in any position of the state militia or government. Delaware had earlier placed the same prohibition against clerics serving in any branch of the government. See {621428} The Bill of Rights did not go that far, but there are a few religions that also support this notion. Perhaps the most dramatic example was Pope John Paul’s prohibition of Priests running for elective office.