Steamboats, Steamships Quotes
This quotation is historically important because it documents the radical change in agriculture that technology brought on. In this period it was steam power. There were steam powered tractors in addition to what he enumerated. The production cost and hence the prices of agricultural products became much lower increasing the standard of living for all consumers. However, the small farmer, without capitol and the scale of a large enough farm, was put in a position in that he could not compete with the major products of agriculture without huge investment in capital equipment and large enough farms. While many went out of business, many others shifted to specialized crops and raising animals where the automation was not as necessary. This process has been on going in American agriculture since the invention of mechanized farm implements, and the small farmer has gradually become more rare. But the process has been ongoing throughout American history.
While many use the invention and development of the Steamboat as an example of breakthrough technology by private enterprise, the reality was that Fulton and Livingston could not raise the private capital to develop the vessels and start operating them until the State government stepped in and granted them a monopoly for 20 years in the waters of the entire state of New York including the Hudson River and New York Harbor. This was one of the first examples of “corporate welfare” and subsidies for development of new technology. Fulton’s company used the courts to enjoin anyone else from operating a steamboat, and Fulton could charge very high rates as he had no competition thanks to New York State. Other boat operators then went to New Jersey which passed its own allowing anyone stopped by NY courts to sue Fulton & Livingston for triple damages. The lower Hudson River and New York Harbor was on the shores of BOTH states and each had an equal claim to jurisdiction. The Supreme Court settled the dispute in one of the major legal cases in American history. See {624485}
While many use the invention and development of the Steamboat as an example of breakthrough technology by private enterprise, the reality was that Fulton and Livingston could not raise the private capital to develop the vessels and start operating them until the State government stepped in and granted them a monopoly for 20 years in the waters of the entire state of New York including the Hudson River and New York Harbor. This was one of the first examples of “corporate welfare” and subsidies for development of new technology. Fulton’s company used the courts to enjoin anyone else from operating a steamboat, and Fulton could charge very high rates as he had no competition thanks to New York State. Other boat operators then went to New Jersey which passed its own allowing anyone stopped by NY courts to sue Fulton & Livingston for triple damages. The lower Hudson River and New York Harbor was on the shores of BOTH states and each had an equal claim to jurisdiction. The Supreme Court settled the dispute in one of the major legal cases in American history. See {624486}
His father, Henry Ford, did not agree that the Airplane would be so important, but the son’s vision made Ford the largest airplane manufacturer in America.
He frequently used the expression for the steam engine’s utility in transportation—steamboats and steam railroads. Distance was no longer the commercial and social barrier that it had been. “Space” was used in its 2 dimensional sense which is all that was conceived of by most people at the time.
before there were railroads in the West
Actually there was an environmental cost and a fuel cost; at the time neither was recognized as wood and coal were so plentiful with no seeming negatives to their utilization.
Fulton issued permits and seized boats that operated without their endorsement. A steamboat operator, Thomas Gibbons, had received a permit from the Federal Government to operate steamboat service between New York City and the New Jersey Shore. Fulton and New York would not let him traverse Hudson Bay and land in New York. This set the stage for the most important Supreme Court Case on Interstate Commerce--Gibbons v. Ogden (1824). See {621351}.
The steamboat was one of the first examples of American preeminence in technology. Like the airplane and the computer to come later, it’s importance was generally not recognized early.
In addition to facing regular Confederate Troops, there were irregular insurgents who would fire at and harass normal civilian activity much like the terrorists in the Mideast today. Like today, the insurgents could exist only as long as they were sheltered and assisted by the Southern civilian population. Sherman did not see this as collective punishment as all the people in the small town of Randolph were helping the insurgents.
He was one of the first to realize that technology was shaping the relations of people and states throughout the world. In 1891 most other people did not appreciate this dynamic including most politicians. However, we might wonder today what period of time he was contemplating when he used the word “rapidly”. Some have concluded that the globalization resulting from technology has been astoundingly fast while others see it as far too slow and it has a long way to go. See the related quotes for others who were early observers of the coming changes. See the Relates Quotes for more of the early observations of this phenomenon.