Ethnic Politics Quotes
He was echoing proposals that he made in the Delhi Emergency Committee that had been called to cope with the butchery and murder when the Hindus and Sikhs were trying to leave the areas that were to be part of Pakistan under the Partition and the retaliations against the Delhi Muslims who were trying to flee to the new Pakistan. Unfortunately, the Muslim leadership did not want such a truce as while the land had been partitioned, Indian Money, military equipment, and other resources were yet to be divided and the Muslim leaders who had been so successful playing the violence card to gain and independent Pakistan, did not want to give up that option in the remainder of the division of India. Also, it was not at all clear that the Muslim political leaders could even then control the mobs who they had already whipped up to violence.
Tibet and some other ethnic enclaves of China have been almost impervious to the general improvement in the standard of living that China accomplished at the end of the 20th century and beginning of the 21st. China is not the only nation to have this difficulty. Some would argue that America still has it with some of its Native American nations. The great challenge is trying to develop and modernize a culture that does not want to be modernized at the moment but still wants many of the benefits of modernization.
Singh turned him down. Note that even before Pakistan was a country, Jinnah and other Muslim leaders had hopes of grabbing much of India as the British partitioned it, and have been trying to do so ever since the inception of Pakistan
Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the other Muslim League leaders wanted to stir up India's Muslims in order to prevent Indian Independence from Britain unless India were partitioned and the Muslims could have their own nation. At that point the British and the Congress Party of India—the majority political party were both starting to plan for independence. Jinnah and most of the Muslim nationalists did not want to have Muslims in a Majority Hindu nation. To stop it, they first used fear to try and separate the many Indian Muslims who were politically active from their roles in and loyalty to the Congress Party which although Hindu dominated had Muslim members and officials. All the Muslims who were literate were aware of the terrible revelations of the Nazi Concentration Camps and the attempted extermination of all the Jews of Europe. The "party line" of the Muslim League was that once the British turned the government of India over to the Congress Party, they would turn on the Muslims and exterminate them so that India would be all Hindu. There were no such plans or even suggestions be anyone in the Congress party, the paranoia and the conspiracy theory resonated with many Indian Muslims just as conspiracy theories are believed by some people in every society. In this case, the paranoia that was unleashed by the Muslim League would have tragic consequences as with Independence getting closer many Muslims struck out and preemptively attacked and butchered Hindus and Sikhs who retaliated in kind and the butchery went on all through the Independence process and the partition of India to create a Muslim state—Pakistan. Almost 2 million people would be murdered in the sectarian violence that was unleashed.
Most American Jews had have grown up with an Israel governed by Jews who came from Europe and were culturally and politically very similar to Americans and shared similar values. Almost all Israeli policies were comfortable and understandable t American Jews. However, in the 15 years prior to this quotation, a major political shift took place in Israel and the dominant political faction shifted to first and second generation Jews who were forced out of various Muslim counties of the Middle East. These Jews were much closer to Arabs and the Muslims of the Middle East culturally and actually shared many values like vengeance, intimidation, and group and family guilt to keep enemies in check. They also understand the Arabs at a deeper level that their European culture countrymen do and were much more pessimistic about any solution whereby the Arabs would accept a Jewish State’s existence. Their political approach to suppression of the Palestinians and maintaining security for the citizens of Israel and their disrespect for Arab humanity made many American Jews estranged from the Israeli leadership just as they have been estranged from the Arab leadership and culture.
Fiji is a multi-racial and multi-cultural society consisting of descendants of the original Fiji natives, immigrants from India and Westerners. The traditional Fiji chiefs wanted their positions of leadership recognized in the Fijian legal and governmental system. However, many of them were hostile to the Indians who were economically very successful and not part of the traditional tribal structure. But they and the Europeans are Fiji citizens just like the native descendants, and the traditional chiefs, if they wanted to represent the government had to represent and respect all—not just the traditional natives.
Lebanon is a country divided into religious sects which have a long history of animosity, distrust, violence among them. Few leaders were as candid as Jumblatt.
Most of the Colonies had laws against Indians possessing guns and any white seeing such was allowed to attack such Indians. Rhode Island had peaceful relations with the Indians and not only allowed Indians to carry firearms for hunting but hired them to do the hunting as they were better at it and did not value their time as highly as the whites. However, travelers coming from out of the colony would see an Indian with a gun, and shoot at him thereby killing or injuring friendly Indians and causing racial problems when there were few. The quotation also illustrates that there was little uniformity amongst the colonies as to how to deal with their various social and political problems.
Even into the 21st century, the problem was not solved and Muslims from Pakistan continue their futile but tragic terrorist tactics to try and acquire more territory from India." 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma
This seemingly academic quotation became extremely important over 200 years after it was written because it documents the historical presence of the Rohingya Muslim people in the Arakan province of Burma (Myanmar) which is mostly very orthodox Buddhist. In 1982, the Burmese government revoked the citizenship of the Rohingya on the grounds that they were illegal immigrants from bordering Bangladesh and had no historical roots in Burma. This quotation shows that this claim was untrue.
Sarajevo had been one of the most ethnically integrated cities in the Balkans where Serbs, Croats, and Muslims had been at war with each other throughout the former Yugoslavia.
The Congressman was a major opponent of Wilson's post World War I peace negotiations. In particular he, and most Italian-Americans, felt that Italian / Austrian border adjustments were unfair to Italy. Never one to miss a partisan opportunity, he addressed his constituency in Italian:
Although he pleaded for unity, Fiji has been ethnically divided ever since and in 2009 reached a de facto coups over ethnicity.
Sullivan was the first political ward boss in America. His ward was the Bowery and Lower East Side of New York City. He served on term in Congress and although he could have served as long as he wished, he found it very distasteful and went back to being a New York State Senator and running his ward where he controlled everything that had to do with politics, government services and even crime. His ward consisted of Irish, Italians, Jews and Chinese whose commonality is that there were all poor immigrants of first generation Americans.
First Irish Bishop in the United States and the First Catholic Cardinal of New York. Moscow had just been burned by the French. No New York Catholic churches were harmed.
Indeed the Arabs did invite the Russians in but neither India nor Pakistan did.
