Empress Dowager Cixi Quotes
Our choice is whether to put our country on a platter to hand over to the invaders, or to fight to the end. I cannot face our ancestors if we do not put up a fight. I would rather fight to the end… If the end comes, you gentlemen here are my witness and can testify that I have done my best.
Japan and 7 Western countries had sent military troops to China ostensibly to protect “foreigners” who were the victims of the irrational violence of the Boxer Rebellion--{641726} and {641727}. The Chinese government was unwilling and/or unable to suppress the Boxers--{641838}. Regardless of the justification, this was an act of war—an invasion contrary to international law. The Chinese national forces were not only too weak to take on the Boxers but were no match for the 8 powers’ well equipped military forces. None-the-less, the Empress decided to fight. In the early fighting the Chinese Imperial forces killed the German Minister to China, Baron von Ketteler, thus precipitating full scale war.
Cixi, 1835–1908, Empress Dowager of China, Statement to a Council of Ministers Debating 8 nation invasion of China, 1900
Sourced by: Eigen's Political and Historical Quotations
The “Boxer Rebellion” was a very strong, populist, violent movement in China at the turn of the Century. The hostility was not directed against the Empress or the Government, but against the non-Chinese foreigners who were, theoretically and by treaty, under the protection of the Chinese Government. Cixi and the government had to decide to Crack Down on the Boxers, Support them, or remain passive. The movement was so strong and the government so weak, that is was not clear that the government could prevail in what would amount to a civil war. The Empress in effect vetoed the crackdown option on the grounds stated. With this quotation she made a fateful decision for China and the Foreigners and for her own legacy. She had been considered by Westerners one of the great rulers of the world of not of all time, and she was in many ways. But she made the wrong choice from the Western point of view; thousands of Westerners became casualties of the Boxer irrational xenophobic violence with the government doing little to stop it. Soon, she herself came to regret this policy decision--{641730}.
Empress Dowager Cixi was a Chinese empress dowager and regent who was the de facto supreme ruler of China in the late Qing dynasty for 47 years, from 1861 until her death in 1908. Of the Manchu Yehe Nara clan, she was elected as a concubine of the Xianfeng Emperor in her adolescence and gave birth to a son, Zaichun, in 1856. After the Xianfeng Emperor's death in 1861, the young boy became the Tongzhi Emperor, and she became the Empress Dowager. Cixi ousted a group of regents appointed by the late emperor and assumed regency, which she shared with Empress Dowager Ci'an. Cixi then consolidated control over the dynasty when she installed her nephew as the Guangxu Emperor at the death of the Tongzhi Emperor in 1875, contrary to the traditional rules of succession of the Qing dynasty that had ruled China since 1644.
