Safe Passage Quotes
Sealed under duress and later repudiated by the King with Papal assistance. This was one of the most important freedoms that established free trade as a principle—one of the reasons that England became so prosperous." John Lackland
Sealed under duress and later repudiated by the King with Papal assistance
When there were elections, sometimes a prince elector, would “arrange” to have a foreign prince elector delayed so as to miss the voting if there were of a different faction or supported a different candidate and the elector had to pass through his lands. Worse, occasionally, “bandits” would assault an elector and sometimes kill him. Most nations which have elections have laws and procedures to prevent opposing factions from interfering with the representative’s travel to the place of election. This is one of the first in Christian Europe.
This was typical of a free trade agreement of the time. It also provided that Englishmen residing for trade in the Ottoman Empire be free of Ottoman poll and head taxes. The Ottomans had such arrangements with France and Venice—then an independent city. In addition to the trade advantages, the Ottomans were militarily concerned with Spain and the English-Spanish hostility was supported and welcomed by the Ottomans. See Murad’s 1590 letter to Queen Elizabeth.
Ivan the Terrible