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1st Baron Macaulay. “Magistrate” refers to the executive branch in the Parliamentary system in the sense. The President of the United States is sometimes referred to as the “Chief Magistrate” and mayors of cities and towns also.
Over 30 states at the time required state judges to stand for election. The result was that they had to have money to finance their campaigns like any other politicians. The results were many cases of lack of impartiality and enormous public perception that the judges were beholden to large campaign contributors. Justice O’Connor pointed out to them that they had created their own problems by popularly electing judges.