Providence Washington Insurance Company Quotes
Be it resolved that no insurance is to be made on behalf of this company upon any vessel, or property laden therein, for the purpose of carrying on the Slave Trade.
Original is at the Rhode Island Historical Society. This is one of the earliest, if not the earliest examples of private enterprise taking a moral stand against slavery and backing it up with a type of boycott. This company is still selling insurance. Later in that year, a law was passed making it illegal to insure slave ships. See {612698}.
Providence Washington Insurance Company, Providence, Rhode Island, Directors’ Resolution, 1799
Sourced by: Eigen's Political and Historical Quotations
Prior to 1799 it was common for Slave Ship owners to insure their cargo, the life of the slaves. Without such insurance the slave trade was a very risky business. There were cases of captains murdering “difficult” slaves and collecting the insurance on them and the most horrible of all, throwing lots of slaves overboard to avoid arrest by those countries which had outlawed the slave trade, and then collecting insurance on the dead “cargo.” One insurance company simply refused to write insurance on slave ships. See {622020}.
This treaty shows slaves were a major currency of the times and cultures. The Arab Armies of Egypt and the Nubians with this treaty declared an armistice. The extensive Arab use of Black slaves officially begun at this time, has plagued Africa since. Arab slave traders were the middle men who met the European and American demand for slaves until the 19th century. Even at the millennium the Sudanese civil war between the Arab North and Black South has reflected this resentment and hostility and has involved the Northerner’s enslaving tens of thousands of Black Southerners.
Currently the Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance Company. In this case their General Counsel determined that the loss should be paid. Without insurance, the slave trade, like other shipping businesses could not thrive. England abolished the slave trade in 1806 but did not prohibit English Insurance companies from writing insurance on slave ships until 1811.
This may be the first formal resolution against slavery in the Americas. This quotation shows the fact that not only did these Mennonites oppose slavery, and chastise those who bought slaves as much as the slave capturers, but they argued that the slaves had a perfect right to armed struggle to free themselves—the greatest fear of slaveholders in America. The term “negers” was not a word of disrespect but was derived from the low German spoken by the Mennonites.
He was also himself a ship owner in the slave trade and he was the brother of the leading Rhode Island abolitionist, Moses Brown. See {585793}. Brown became the first American, prosecuted in federal court for illegal slave trading –-- a prosecution brought, in part, by his own brother. He was, however, acquitted.
His family was one of the wealthiest in Rhode Island. He called in the entire family and he formally read the deed. The family itself had actually been active in the slave trade under John, his oldest brother, so this deed was very shocking to them. Moses became a leading abolitionist in Rhode Island and John the major defender of slavery in the state. Despite that, the brothers actually remained close.
None was forthcoming. This letter is of great historical interest in that it shows the corrupting influence of slavery on all facets of society.
Baldwin was a young lawyer at the time. He represented a shipload of ex-slaves who had taken over their Spanish slave ship and landed in America. The Spanish claimed, the ship owners and some of the crew all claimed the “property.”
On February 11, 1790 American Quakers submitted a petition to immediately abolish the African slave trade from America. Southerners like Jackson argued that the Congress should not even “consider” such a petition or debate such as subject for if it did, that per se, would imply the possible consideration of emancipation, and if that were possible, they would be on the slippery slope toward emancipation of existing slaves which would be the end of the world as the Southern whites then knew it.
The highest court in New York.
One of the first anti-slavery formal resolutions in America.
