ELBRIDGE GERRY
(Elbridge Thomas Gerry)
A state militia is necessary
This appears to be the first dated use of this phrase. Thomas Paine used the term in a publication on January 13, 1777, and is often incorrectly given credit for its coinage. Actually, Paine was not even the first to publish the phrase. Four days after Gerry wrote his letter, a letter to the editor appeared in the Pennsylvania Evening Post signed “Republicus.” His identity is not known. A few days later, July 4, the Declaration of Independence was signed. Its last paragraph refers to “the Representatives of the United States of America.” But the Declaration, drafted by Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin was actually drafted from June 11 to June 28, so this draft may have predated Gerry’s letter. In 1775 Franklin had published the term, “United States of North America,” and Thomas Jefferson used the phrase, “The American states united” in 1774.
Elbridge Thomas Gerry was an American politician and diplomat. As a Democratic-Republican he served as the fifth vice president of the United States under President James Madison from March 1813 until his death in November 1814. The political practice of gerrymandering is named after him.