Logic Quotes
Referring to slaveholders in Kansas:. the then modern weapon, the Sharp, breech-loading rifle
During this period—especially the first 500 years, the Islamic world was far ahead of the Christian intellectually and culturally. A university in Bagdad actually had women students as well as men. Ironically, the Muslims studied and preserved the ancient Greek and Roman science and literature while the West slipped into the Dark Ages. The Muslims developed science and the arts to new heights. However, around 1100 a religious orthodoxy began to take hold that saw new innovation of any kind as blasphemous. Intellectually, Islamic society began to decline while at the same time the Christian world was emerging from the dark ages. After the Protestant reformation, Christendom intellectually began to thrive while Islam continued in its anti-intellectual and intolerant mode which still prevents most Muslim nations from modernizing, Note that there was American intellectual interest in Islam towards the end if the 19th century,
Samuel Langhorne Clemens, 1835-1910. Actually, it is loudness and repetition that are the two most persuasive aspects of oratory.
This is a modern summary of the philosophy of Benedict Spinoza who developed the modern philosophical foundation of science and scientific thinking. When the authorities are clerics and religious leaders, their authority gets undermined which is why the Jews, Christians, and Muslims all excommunicated Spinoza. For the scientists, they themselves are to be rejected as determiners of knowledge and truth so they tend to do poorly in political disputes because the good scientists would never assert a belief that the politicians should listen to them just because they are great scientists and they “know.” It is the ideologues and junk scientists who are sure of their testimony and can advise with certainty. See linked quote(s).
The anti-intellectualism of many Protestant sects has its roots in this view of Martin Luther’s. The notion of reason as practiced by scientists as a hindrance to religion is not a new notion. Religious leaders have been trying to silence and discredit philosophers and scientists as long as there has been religion. Socrates was killed long before Christianity.
Samuel Langhorne Clemens, 1835-1910