Imperial Collapse Quotes
At its largest, the Ottoman Turkish Empire included all of the Middle East, most of North Africa, much of Russia, and Europe right up to the walls of Vienna.
The Empress had earlier decided not to try and suppress the Boxers when they started attacking foreigners--{641838}. But now things had gotten out of hand and many ordinary Chinese people—especially Chinese Christians-- were suffering Boxer abuse. Cixi thought the government had to “ally” with the Boxers in the hope that she could influence directions in the future. This, of course, made her anathema in the West and forever damaged her reputation and legacy in Western history.
He wrote this in English, in an American prestigious journal to reach an elite American audience.
The Sultan of Turkey had just committed the Empire to a jihad against Britain in support of Germany in WWI: 1st Earl of Oxford