Economic Stagnation Quotes
This is a very important quotation. In large part America's development to a great power was the result of American industry and enterprise. However, that characteristic among the Americans was rare in the South as de Tocqueville herein observes. This was one of the pernicious consequences of slavery. The Southern whites could live a very comfortable life without any ingenuity, innovation, hard work, passion or much effort of any kind. There was nothing that the South produced or created without slaves that anyone wanted or advanced the nation. Even after the Civil War and emancipation it took decades before the white Southerners began to adopt the enterprising behavior that the rest of America was known for and it would take until the 21st century for parts of the South the reach parity in this area with most of the rest of the nation.
His foundation is trying to improve development and health in much of the world and he was remarking on how difficult it is if the local government is not attuned to it and supportive.
In this context, “rent" means payment is required for the use or right to use anything such as using land for a pipeline, for mining, prospecting for oil, the rights to fish for caviar sturgeon, erecting a building, obtaining an official document, etc. The Russian economic system and culture has created a striving for getting paid to grant rights as opposed to getting paid for making something, creating something, or performing a service for someone. In the breakup of the Soviet Union, some individuals obtained (by various means) the right to charge rent to others for much of the great trove of Russian land, waters and other natural resources. They became billionaires – oligarchs – and many are still paying off government officials to control those rights.
