Baruch Spinoza Quotes
I have resolved to demonstrate by a certain and undoubted course of argument, or to deduce from the very condition of human nature, not what is new and unheard of, but only such things as agree best with practice.
Spinoza, Benedict de. The Chief Works of Benedict de Spinoza. Translated by R. H. M. Elwes, vol. 1, George Bell and Sons, 1883, p. 288.
He was persecuted by the Roman Catholic Church for figuring out that the earth revolved around the sun which was contrary to church teaching at the time.
In politics, this is one of the reasons why legislative debates will rarely change any minds or positions. The politician and his party are defined in part by his previous positions. In legislative debate, he is maintaining and supporting those positions. Scientifically, the best way to have a shot at changing a politicians position with new evidence, is to present it privately, in a 1 on 1 situation. Even if the politician has a member of his staff present, he is conscious of showing his staff member what he is not easily manipulated and will stand up for principles and the party.
1968 was one of the more polarized presidential elections, and most politicians in the heat of debate, tended to make ad hominem attacks on their opponents instead of rational arguments. Conservatives tended to attack opponents as communists, communist sympathizers, or giving aid and comfort to the communists. Often they never got around to attacking the real political position of their opponents. Buckley realized that he would not persuade many of his fellow conservatives to eschew the personal red-baiting on their opponents. Their political; base demanded this. But he urged them to restrain themselves and first make a rational attack on liberalism and liberal policies. Very few took his advice that year or ever in the remainder of the century until the fall of the Soviet Union.
Baruch (de) Spinoza was a Dutch philosopher of Portuguese Sephardi origin. One of the early thinkers of the Enlightenment and modern biblical criticism, including modern conceptions of the self and the universe, he came to be considered one of the great rationalists of 17th-century philosophy. Inspired by the groundbreaking ideas of René Descartes, Spinoza became a leading philosophical figure of the Dutch Golden Age. Spinoza's given name, which means "Blessed", varies among different languages. In the Netherlands he used the Portuguese name Bento. In his Latin and Dutch works, he used Latin: Benedictus de Spinoza.