Joseph Rotblat Quotes
All nuclear weapon states should now recognize that this is so, and declare - in Treaty form - that they will never be the first to use nuclear weapons. This would open the way to the gradual, mutual reduction of nuclear arsenals, down to zero.
Rotblat, Joseph. "Remember Your Humanity." Les Prix Nobel: The Nobel Prizes 1995, edited by Tore Frängsmyr, Nobel Foundation, 1996.
The origin of the United States refusal to rule first use out lies with the Cold War concern of a massive Russian Ground attack in European countries. Even with NATO, we could not deploy ground and air resources fast enough to prevent the takeover of entire countries. Then when we amassed the troops and airpower to counterattack, there would be massive civilian casualties of the invaded nations. So American strategy, at the insistence of our European Allies was to deter invasion. By renouncing first use, the Western Powers would almost invite the Russians to invade European nations. There was a similar fear of North Korea and China,
Sir Joseph Rotblat KCMG CBE FRS was a Polish physicist, a self-described "Pole with a British passport". Rotblat worked on Tube Alloys and the Manhattan Project during World War II, but left the Los Alamos Laboratory after the war with Germany ended. His work on nuclear fallout was a major contribution toward the ratification of the 1963 Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. A signatory of the 1955 Russell–Einstein Manifesto, he was secretary-general of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs from their founding until 1973 and shared, with the Pugwash Conferences, the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize "for efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international affairs and, in the longer run, to eliminate such arms."