Mishnah Quotes
A public fund is collected by no fewer than two [persons], and disbursed by no fewer than three.
The Mishnah was the first written codification of ancient Jewish laws and interpretations. The Books of Moses--the first 5 Books of the Old Testament was the fundamental law--God's law. The Mishnah was a combintion of administative and policy manuals and judicial precedents.
Mishnah, Peah 8:7
Sourced by: Eigen's Political and Historical Quotations
This principle survives to this day in the United States and many other countries. Money may only be spent by the Executive Branch without the modern equivalent of “a decree of the senate”—an appropriation bill.
The irony of this quotation is that he is the architect and controller of the Russian system that he is criticizing.
The letter was actually drafted and written by Cassiodorus, the King’s secretary. Then as now public works projects were potential settings for skimming, graft, kickbacks, and embezzlement. The Kings of the Holy Roman Empire were willing to contribute to beautification of Rome but corruption was so rife that some threatened to stop. This is very similar to international foreign aid given to the Palestinian Authority and some third world nations at the beginning of the 21st century—1600 years later.
The first non-PRI President in over 70 years. Before Fox, the corruption of Mexican Presidents was rampant.
The notion that government had to be structured and limited was then utilized a century later in the American Constitution and Bill of Rights. Spinoza was one of the most feared intellectuals in human history—feared that is by the established power structures. He is the only known person who was excommunicated by the Catholics, the Jews and the Muslims—all were forbidden to read his works. He was the enemy of authority and advocated personal reason as the guide for men.
This was written when Wilson was a Professor. When he became President, his view of the importance of Congress and Congressional oversight diminished.
Referring to the Supreme Court 5-4 decision—Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission--that allows corporations and rich individuals to spend unlimited amounts of money campaigning to the advantage of particular candidates.
Note that his principle goes beyond the usual call for transparency, but places the responsibility for getting the information to those who should have it on the political leader and the government. Active communication is required; not simply making information public/
The Mishnah or Mishna (/ˈmɪʃnə/; Hebrew: מִשְׁנָה, "study by repetition", from the verb shanah שנה, or "to study and review", also "secondary") is the first major written collection of the Jewish oral traditions known as the Oral Torah. It is also the first major work of rabbinic literature. The Mishnah was redacted by Judah ha-Nasi at the beginning of the third century CE in a time when, according to the Talmud, the persecution of the Jews and the passage of time raised the possibility that the details of the oral traditions of the Pharisees from the Second Temple period (536 BCE – 70 CE) would be forgotten. Most of the Mishnah is written in Mishnaic Hebrew, while some parts are Aramaic.