Resource Extraction Quotes
In this context, “rent" means payment is required for the use or right to use anything such as using land for a pipeline, for mining, prospecting for oil, the rights to fish for caviar sturgeon, erecting a building, obtaining an official document, etc. The Russian economic system and culture has created a striving for getting paid to grant rights as opposed to getting paid for making something, creating something, or performing a service for someone. In the breakup of the Soviet Union, some individuals obtained (by various means) the right to charge rent to others for much of the great trove of Russian land, waters and other natural resources. They became billionaires – oligarchs – and many are still paying off government officials to control those rights.
President Jimmy Carter had invoked the Taft-Hartley Labor Law, which forced the striking workers to go back to work for a 100 day “cooling off” period.
Sealed under duress and later repudiated by the King with Papal assistance. This clause was particularly interesting in that almost all freedoms have expanded from the Magna Carta in modern democracies. However in this one there was an absolute direct prohibition against the King—the State—taking private property without the owners consent. In modern democracies the right is not as strong as the original. The state, if it needs the property, wood or whatever, and the owner refuses to give it or sell it to the state, the government can condemn the property but must pay the owner the fair market value of the property seized. As a practical matter, the kings of England paid little or no heed to this clause. One of the sources of conflict between the English Royal Navy and the American Colonists was the practice of Naval agents finding tall straight trees, good for the main mast of a ship, and marking it thereby prohibiting the property owner of cutting down that tree until the Crown sent a crew to fell the tree and take it for ship building. They paid no attention to Aticle 31 whatsoever.
