Pledge of Allegiance Quotes



Referring to the 1989 National Endowment for the Arts censorship regulations requiring grantees to sign an agreement regarding the content of their work:


An avowed Klansman and white supremacist, Duke was elected to the Louisiana House in 1989 as a Republican, to the chagrin of leading national, state, and local Republicans who disavowed him and refused to support his candidacy. Upon taking the oath of office Duke said:


President Benjamin Harrison and Congress proclaimed that October 31, 1892 be a national celebration of the 400th Anniversary of Columbus landing in America. Bellamy represented a juvenile weekly publication and was named chairman of the committee to conduct the celebration. A first draft of the pledge was written by James B. Upham, a staff member of the publication. The words "under God" were added in 1952 by an Act of Congress. The original had “to my flag.” The pledge was first used publicly at the Chicago World’s Fair on October 21, 1892. It was not endorsed by Congress until 1942. It is officially recognized as law in 36 United State Code 172.