JAMES LINDSAY ALMOND JR.
Following the lead of Arkansas, many southern schools were closed by order of the Governor when they received a court order to desegregate. Southern education was the poorest in the nation and the Southern students not able to go to school made the situation worse. Governor Almond changing his position realized that the cost of defying the Constitution and the courts was the ignorance of the students of the state, and became a major force persuading the state to integrate their schools. He is remembered for his leadership of desegregation and most people have forgotten that at the beginning of his term as governor he was as bad as most of the other Southern segregationist politicians.
James Lindsay Almond Jr. was an American lawyer, state and federal judge and Democratic party politician. His political offices included as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 6th congressional district (1946-1948), 26th Attorney General of Virginia (1948-1957) and the 58th Governor of Virginia (1958-1962). As a member of the Byrd Organization, Almond initially supported Massive resistance to the integration of public schools following the United States Supreme Court decisions in Brown v. Board of Education- however, when Virginia and federal courts ruled continued segregation unconstitutional, Almond worked with the legislature to end massive resistance. Almond then became an Associate Judge of the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals (1962-1973), and after retiring, continued to serve as Senior Judge of the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals (1973-1982) and then Senior Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit from 1982, until his death in 1986.
