Dickenson Richards Debevoise Quotes

In the beginning of the 21st century, many republican state legislatures attempted to change the voting laws to eliminate the possibility of voter fraud which was not a serious practical problem in America. However, a consequence—some argue indented and some argue unintended—was that it was harder for certain groups of people to meet the new requirements and therefore was a de facto voter suppression for some people such as the very elderly, the homeless, and the poor. Many of these efforts were declared unconstitutional by the courts.

At that time a number of state legislatures all changed their state voting laws to require citizens who try to register to vote to have documentation of various kinds and or obtain special documentation. These were generally possessed by upper class and educated people but not in as large proportions by lower and working class people. To obtain the documents and register if things like original birth certificates were not possessed, the citizen had to lose much of a day’s work and travel some distance. The burden existed on most lower class people and especially the minorities. The courts nullified some of these discriminatory requirements for voter registration, but many were allowed. The rationale was to prevent voter fraud and yet there were almost no cases of voter fraud in the entire country. While the requirements were racially discriminatory, they were also socioeconomically discriminatory. By coincidence, or perhaps not, every state that added these requirements had a Republican controlled state legislature AND a Republican Governor. Despite the effort to suppress Obama and Democratic voters, the effort backfired. Minorities and especially Blacks were so outraged that Jim Crow voting suppression had returned that they made a huge effort to register and get out the vote and Blacks voted in a much larger proportion than historical and well over 90 percent voted for Obama who won the election handily.

The main source of Republican votes was Anglo White males. However, the demographics of the nation had been changing for a few decades where the non-Whites are the fastest growing demographic subgroup. The projection was clearly that Anglo Whites would cease to be the majority in the coming years and each year they became slightly smaller. This caused many of the Republican politicians to redouble their efforts to appeal (sometimes pander) to non-Anglo White males in order to gain a majority. However, many of the positions that appealed to White Males—like immigration control and deportation of "illegals"—often offended many of the new growing demographic groups who voted in larger numbers against the Republicans. The money and manpower that was needed to try and produce a slim majority gave fewer and fewer resources to those Republicans who wanted to campaign heavily with the current minorities and to be majorities in order to get an even higher percentage to non-Anglo White Males. So each year Republicans were losing more and more ground with the very groups that were becoming a larger and larger voting bloc. Hence the "Death Spiral".

The Black community and the Democrats had conducted a very successful voter registration drive and Preisse didn’t want them to have any further advantage. It is much easier for middle class and wealthy people to adjust their work schedules so that they can vote during the voting hours. Saturday voting, extending the voting hours and other means that would help the working person who cannot control his own time schedule would help voter turnout a great deal. But of the voters who would be assisted, the belief is that most would vote Democrat. As a result, Republicans tend to oppose making voting any easier and support any steps that can make it more difficult for the poor or the working class. However, the admission that the motivation was to keep Blacks from voting was terribly embarrassing to the Republican Governor and other party leaders. However, it was not embarrassing enough to extend the voting hours.

The Republican party in the beginning of the 21st century had veered sharply to the right. Since the party controlled a many of Governor’s and state legislatures, some overly partisan people started passing laws and election rules that would inhibit the poor and minorities—who tended to vote Democratic—from voting. This was opposed by many of the traditional Republicans who had been national leaders over the years in expanding and facilitating voting.

Even in modern times Alabama election manipulation is in great part driven by the views of an ever diminishing racist white proportion of the voters.

He was explaining why preclearance was necessary. Preclearance was a requirement that any change in the voting or registration laws, rules or procedures needed to be approved by the Federal Justice Department.

Preclearance was a requirement that any change in the voting or registration laws, rules or procedures needed to be approved by the Federal Justice Department. He was testifying about why preclearance was important and why it was placed in the Voting Rights Act every time it was reauthorized. See {635271} for what happens without preclearance.